Qualified Electronic Signature (QES)

QES requirements are strict:

1. The signatory must be identified via a qualified certificate from an EU-trusted service provider 2. The signature must be created using a qualified signature creation device (QSCD) 3. The trust service provider must be on the EU Trusted List

QES is the only type of e-signature that automatically has the legal effect of a handwritten signature across all EU member states (eIDAS Article 25.2). SES and AES can be challenged in court; QES cannot.

Most business contracts do NOT require QES. It is typically needed for: - Real estate transactions in some EU countries - Certain government filings - Regulated financial documents - Pharmaceutical and healthcare compliance

eID Easy is currently the only MCP-enabled signing provider that supports QES.